Emergency Preparedness for People Living With Dementia: Planning Ahead for Hurricanes and Natural Disasters

For most people, preparing for a hurricane or natural disaster means gathering supplies, reviewing evacuation routes, and making a family emergency plan. When a loved one is living with dementia, however, emergency planning requires additional preparation.

Natural disasters can create sudden changes in environment, routine, and daily structure—all of which can be especially challenging for individuals living with dementia. Power outages, evacuations, crowded shelters, and unfamiliar surroundings may increase confusion, anxiety, agitation, or wandering behaviors.

The good news is that thoughtful planning before disaster strikes can help families protect their loved ones and reduce stress during an emergency.

Why Emergencies Are More Challenging for People With Dementia

Individuals living with dementia often depend on familiar routines and environments to feel safe and oriented. During a hurricane, wildfire, flood, or other disaster, those routines can be disrupted without warning.

They may have difficulty understanding:

• Why they need to leave their home

• Why caregivers are acting differently

• What is happening around them

• Why utilities or services are unavailable

  
  

Even temporary disruptions can lead to increased confusion and distress.

Preparing ahead of time allows families to focus on safety rather than scrambling to gather important information during an emergency.

Create a Dementia Emergency Kit

Every family should have a disaster supply kit, but individuals living with dementia need additional items that support their specific care needs.

Consider including:

• At least seven days of medications

• Copies of prescriptions

• Medical insurance cards

• Photo identification

• Contact information for healthcare providers

• Extra eyeglasses or hearing aid batteries

• Incontinence supplies if needed

• A list of medical conditions and allergies

• Recent photographs of your loved one

  
  

Store these items in a waterproof container that can be accessed quickly if an evacuation becomes necessary.

Prepare Important Medical Information

In an emergency, first responders or healthcare professionals may need information about your loved one's condition.

Create a document that includes:

• Diagnosis information

• Current medications

• Emergency contacts

• Healthcare providers

• Communication preferences

• Behavioral triggers

• Calming strategies that work well

  
  

Having this information readily available can be invaluable if family members become separated or if emergency medical care is required.

Plan for Evacuation Before You Need It

One of the largest mistakes families make is waiting until an evacuation order is issued before making a plan.

Consider:

• Where you will go if you must leave your home

• Which family members can provide assistance

• Hotels or shelters that can accommodate your needs

• Transportation options if roads become congested

• Alternative routes if primary roads are closed

  
  

For individuals living with dementia, moving to an unfamiliar location can be stressful. Whenever possible, discuss plans in advance and provide reassurance throughout the process.

Reduce the Risk of Wandering

Disasters often increase the risk of wandering because of stress, environmental changes, and confusion.

Consider:

• Ensuring identification is always available

• Keeping a recent photograph accessible

• Sharing emergency plans with neighbors

• Using medical alert bracelets if appropriate

• Monitoring exits carefully in unfamiliar environments

  
  

Taking proactive steps can improve safety if a loved one becomes disoriented.

What to Do During a Power Outage

Extended power outages are common during hurricanes and severe storms.

Before storm season begins, identify any equipment that requires electricity, including:

• Medication refrigeration

• Medical devices

• Oxygen equipment

• Mobility aids

  
  

Have backup plans in place and know where local emergency resources may be available if power is lost for an extended period.

Remember that power outages can also affect air conditioning, lighting, communication, and routine activities, which may increase anxiety for someone living with dementia.

Help Reduce Anxiety During the Emergency

Your loved one will often take emotional cues from the people around them.

Try to:

• Speak calmly and clearly

• Maintain familiar routines whenever possible

• Offer simple explanations

• Avoid overwhelming them with constant news coverage

• Bring familiar comfort items, such as photos, blankets, or favorite activities

  
  

Small efforts to create a sense of familiarity can provide comfort during stressful situations.

After the Storm: Continue Monitoring Wellbeing

Even after the immediate danger has passed, individuals living with dementia may continue to experience increased confusion or stress.

Watch for:

• Changes in sleep patterns

• Increased agitation

• Withdrawal from activities

• Reduced appetite

• Signs of illness or dehydration

• 
  

Returning to familiar routines as quickly as possible can help support recovery and reduce anxiety.

Preparation Provides Peace of Mind

No one can predict exactly when a hurricane or natural disaster will occur. However, families can take steps now to ensure they are ready when emergencies happen.

Planning ahead not only helps protect physical safety—it also helps caregivers feel more confident and prepared during challenging situations. When families know where important information is located and have a clear emergency plan in place, they can focus on what matters most: keeping their loved ones safe.

Let Healthspan Partners Help

If you or someone you love is living with dementia, support is available. The Medicare GUIDE Program provides personalized dementia care management, caregiver education, care coordination, and community resource navigation designed to help families navigate the dementia journey with confidence.

• Personalized Care Plans

• Caregiver Education and Support

• Care Coordination

• Community Resource Navigation

• Eligible Respite Services

  
  

Ready to see if you or your loved one may qualify?

Check Eligibility: Healthspan Partners GUIDE Program Eligibility Check

Questions? Call Healthspan Partners at (813) 859-5819.